The Election Commission of India (ECI) has directed all political parties, leaders, and candidates to strictly adhere to the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) and the Commission’s guidelines on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and synthetic media during the ongoing election period.

With the announcement of the General Election to the Bihar Legislative Assembly and bye-elections to eight Assembly constituencies on October 6, 2025, the Model Code of Conduct has come into effect. The ECI clarified that the MCC also extends to online platforms, including social media posts by parties and candidates.

Citing MCC provisions, the Commission reminded parties that criticism of opponents must be limited to their policies, programmes, past records, and work. Personal attacks or remarks on private lives unrelated to public duties are strictly prohibited. It also warned against criticism based on unverified allegations or distorted facts.

In light of the growing use of AI in political communication, the ECI specifically cautioned parties against using AI-based tools to create deepfakes or other synthetic content that could mislead voters or spread misinformation. Such practices, it said, undermine the integrity of the electoral process.

The Commission has instructed all political entities to ensure clear labeling of any AI-generated or digitally altered content used for campaigning. Such material must carry visible notations such as “AI-Generated,” “Digitally Enhanced,” or “Synthetic Content.”

A strict watch is being maintained on social media platforms to ensure that the election atmosphere is not vitiated, the ECI stated. It added that elaborate arrangements have been made to ensure effective enforcement of the MCC, and any violation of these guidelines will be dealt with firmly.